AI总结
- 核心结论：由于 AI 需求驱动的存储芯片产能危机，消费电子产品面临持续的成本上涨，最终由消费者买单。
- 结构逻辑：
- 现象描述：笔记本电脑、游戏机、手机等终端设备售价显著提高。
- 原因分析：AI 公司对 DRAM 和 NAND 闪存需求激增，导致行业供应紧张。
- 市场影响：芯片巨头（SK海力士、美光、三星）市值暴涨；厂商被迫转嫁成本。
- 未来展望：新工厂建设周期长（2-3年），供需紧张及高价将持续多年。
- 关键信息：
- 关键材料：DRAM（高带宽内存/HBM）、NAND 闪存。
- 行业主导者：SK 海力士、三星电子、美光科技。
- 关键数据：SK 海力士与美光市值在半年内增长约 5 倍（均破万亿）；美光合同价格从 350 美元涨至 1300 美元。
- 受影响产品：Surface Pro、Nintendo Switch 2、iPhone 18 Pro、PS5 Pro。
- 关键问题与回答：
- Q：为什么电子产品价格会普遍上涨？
- A： AI 产业对核心内存芯片需求的虹吸效应，造成产能严重短缺，迫使厂商提高定价。
- Q：短缺何时缓解？
- A： 由于半导体工厂建设及投产需要 2-3 年时间，预计未来几年短缺和涨价趋势难以扭转。
正文
Shoppers in the electronics section of a Walmart store.
The electronics section at a Walmart in Ohio last November. Brian Kaiser/Bloomberg News
去年十一月在俄亥俄州沃尔玛的电子产品区。 布莱恩·凯泽/彭博新闻
Quick Summary 快速总结
- Prices for consumer electronics are rising significantly due to skyrocketing costs of memory and storage chips.
由于存储芯片和存储芯片成本飞涨，消费电子产品价格大幅上涨。 - Memory-chip makers SK Hynix and Micron Technology saw market values roughly quintuple to over $1 trillion each in six months, driven by AI demand.
存储芯片制造商 SK 海力士和美光科技在六个月内市场价值各增长五倍，均超过 1 万亿美元，主要受 AI 需求驱动。 - Chip shortages and price increases are expected to persist for a few more years, as new manufacturing lines take years to build.
芯片短缺和价格上涨预计还会持续几年，因为新生产线建设需要数年时间。
This summary was generated with AI and reviewed by an editor. about how we use artificial intelligence in our journalism.
本摘要由 AI 生成并由编辑审核。关于我们如何在新闻报道中使用人工智能的信息。
Want a sleek new Microsoft Surface Pro laptop? The latest models start at $1,599, or $600 more than the previous generation, the PC maker said this past week.
想要一台时尚的新 Microsoft Surface Pro 笔记本？最新型号起价为 1599 美元，比上一代高出 600 美元，PC 制造商上周表示 。
Dying to buy a Nintendo Switch 2 console and fire up the new “Legends of Zelda” game? That will be $499, after Nintendo lifted prices by $50 in May. (“We sincerely apologize for the impact these price revisions may have on our customers,” the company lamented.)
迫不及待想买一台 任天堂 Switch 2 主机，启动新的《塞尔达传说》游戏吗？在 任天堂五月份将价格上调 50 美元后，这将是 499 美元。（公司哀叹道：“我们真诚地为这些价格调整可能对客户产生的影响致歉。）
And don’t be surprised if your iPhone 18 Pro costs an eye-popping $1,299 when it comes out in September.
如果你的 iPhone 18 Pro 在 九月发布时价格惊人地达到 1299 美元，也别感到惊讶。
The memory armageddon has arrived. From smartphones to the Sony PS5 Pro (which rose in price to $900 from $750 in April) to PCs, buyers of consumer electronics are getting hit.
记忆末 日已经来临。从智能手机到 索尼 PS5 Pro（价格 从四月的 750 美元涨至 900 美元 ）再到个人电脑，消费电子产品买家正遭受冲击。
The primary driver is the skyrocketing cost of memory and storage chips, especially those known as DRAM and NAND flash memory, which are essential for transferring data and storing information on devices. These chips are the same ones craved by artificial-intelligence companies, which use them to help train and run large language models, coding agents and other tools.
主要驱动因素是内存和存储芯片的成本飞涨，尤其是那些被称为 DRAM 和 NAND 闪存的芯片，这些芯片对于传输数据和存储信息至关重要。这些芯片正是人工智能公司渴望使用的芯片，他们用它们来训练和运行大型语言模型、编码代理及其他工具。
As AI adoption has exploded, the memory-chip industry—dominated by just three companies: South Korea’s SK Hynix and Samsung Electronics and Boise, Idaho-based Micron Technology —is suffering from a major capacity crunch. This has been great for memory-chip makers, with the market values of SK Hynix and Micron both roughly quintupling to more than $1 trillion each in the past six months. Consumers are bearing the brunt.
随着人工智能的普及激增，内存芯片行业——仅由韩国 SK 海力士 、 三星电子 以及总部位于爱达荷州博伊西的 美光科技 三家公司主导——正面临严重的产能紧张。这对存储芯片制造商来说非常有利，过去六个月 SK 海力士和美光的市值均约增长五倍，均 超过 1 万亿美元 。消费者承受了最大冲击。
On Wednesday, The Wall Street Journal reported that Apple was planning to raise prices on its products because of rising memory prices. Apple chief Tim Cook said the company had been trying to shield customers from the increases but it was no longer possible.
周三，《华尔街日报》报道称， 苹果计划因 内存价格上涨而提高产品价格。 苹果 首席执行官蒂姆·库克表示，公司一直试图保护客户免受涨价影响，但已无法实现。
“There’s less supply at a time when consumers want devices and the memory guys are passing along huge price increases,” said Cook.
库克说：“在消费者想要设备、存储人员却大幅上涨价格的同时，供应减少了。”
In March, Indong Kim, vice president of memory sales and marketing at Samsung, said in an interview that the shortages have moved from one product type to another over the past few years.
三星内存销售与市场副总裁金仁东在三月份接受采访时表示，过去几年短缺问题已从一种产品类型转移到另一种。
A Nintendo Switch 2 console displaying "Super Mario Bros. Wonder" on its screen.
Nintendo raised the price of the Switch 2 by $50 in May, citing ‘market conditions.’ Michael Nagle/Bloomberg News
任天堂在五月将 Switch 2 的价格提高了 50 美元，理由是“市场状况”。 迈克尔·纳格尔/彭博新闻
When AI chatbots initially took off, demand surged for high-bandwidth memory, or HBM, which is made by stacking DRAM chips on top of one another. But as AI models have matured, OpenAI, Anthropic and other companies have come to rely more on NAND storage for tasks such as remembering a user’s query history.
当 AI 聊天机器人最初兴起时，对高带宽内存（HBM）的需求激增，HBM 是通过叠加 DRAM 芯片制造的。但随着 AI 模型的成熟， OpenAI 、Anthropic 等公司越来越依赖 NAND 存储来完成诸如记录用户查询历史等任务。
“It’s been HBM for the last few years, but it’s a relatively new thing that companies are moving capacity to NAND,” Kim said. “We’re starting to observe that demand for NAND is approaching the level of DRAM.”
Memory-chip makers are rushing to add new manufacturing lines, but semiconductor factories, also known as foundries or fabs, cost billions of dollars and generally take two to three years to build. Ramping up to full capacity takes additional time. Analysts expect the shortages and price increases to persist for a few more years.
In April, Intel, which makes PC processors but not memory chips, said rising costs of memory chips and other key components would reduce the total market for PCs by a low double-digit percentage.
“We’re prudently planning for PC demand to weaken in the second half of the year,” said Intel Chief Financial Officer David Zinsner.
Meanwhile, the memory-chip makers have no trouble selling everything they make, even at far higher prices. Over the past year, Micron’s contract prices for one of the most common data-center memory chips rose from $350 to $1,300, according to Circular Technology, a Massachusetts-based data-center hardware reseller.
“These companies are trading at high valuations, and because they have to keep their margins high, the consumer is the one who loses,” said Brad Gastwirth, Circular’s head of global research. “The laptops coming at the end of the year are not going to be cheap.”
Corrections & Amplifications
The Samsung Electronics executive quoted in this article is Indong Kim, vice president of memory sales and marketing. An earlier version of this article incorrectly said that the executive was Harry Yoon. (Corrected on June 21)
Appeared in the June 22, 2026, print edition as ‘Shortage Of Chips Drives Up Prices of Devices’.